Ryujinx/Ryujinx.HLE/HOS/Kernel/KMemoryManager.cs

using ChocolArm64.Memory;
using Ryujinx.HLE.Memory;
using System;
using System.Collections.Generic;

using static Ryujinx.HLE.HOS.ErrorCode;

namespace Ryujinx.HLE.HOS.Kernel
{
    class KMemoryManager
    {
        public const int PageSize = 0x1000;

        private LinkedList<KMemoryBlock> Blocks;

        private AMemory CpuMemory;

        private ArenaAllocator Allocator;

        public long AddrSpaceStart { get; private set; }
        public long AddrSpaceEnd   { get; private set; }

        public long CodeRegionStart { get; private set; }
        public long CodeRegionEnd   { get; private set; }

        public long MapRegionStart { get; private set; }
        public long MapRegionEnd   { get; private set; }

        public long HeapRegionStart { get; private set; }
        public long HeapRegionEnd   { get; private set; }

        public long NewMapRegionStart { get; private set; }
        public long NewMapRegionEnd   { get; private set; }

        public long TlsIoRegionStart { get; private set; }
        public long TlsIoRegionEnd   { get; private set; }

        public long PersonalMmHeapUsage { get; private set; }

        private long CurrentHeapAddr;

        public KMemoryManager(Process Process)
        {
            CpuMemory = Process.Memory;
            Allocator = Process.Device.Memory.Allocator;

            long CodeRegionSize;
            long MapRegionSize;
            long HeapRegionSize;
            long NewMapRegionSize;
            long TlsIoRegionSize;
            int  AddrSpaceWidth;

            AddressSpaceType AddrType = AddressSpaceType.Addr39Bits;

            if (Process.MetaData != null)
            {
                AddrType = (AddressSpaceType)Process.MetaData.AddressSpaceWidth;
            }

            switch (AddrType)
            {
                case AddressSpaceType.Addr32Bits:
                    CodeRegionStart  = 0x200000;
                    CodeRegionSize   = 0x3fe00000;
                    MapRegionSize    = 0x40000000;
                    HeapRegionSize   = 0x40000000;
                    NewMapRegionSize = 0;
                    TlsIoRegionSize  = 0;
                    AddrSpaceWidth   = 32;
                    break;

                case AddressSpaceType.Addr36Bits:
                    CodeRegionStart  = 0x8000000;
                    CodeRegionSize   = 0x78000000;
                    MapRegionSize    = 0x180000000;
                    HeapRegionSize   = 0x180000000;
                    NewMapRegionSize = 0;
                    TlsIoRegionSize  = 0;
                    AddrSpaceWidth   = 36;
                    break;

                case AddressSpaceType.Addr36BitsNoMap:
                    CodeRegionStart  = 0x200000;
                    CodeRegionSize   = 0x3fe00000;
                    MapRegionSize    = 0;
                    HeapRegionSize   = 0x80000000;
                    NewMapRegionSize = 0;
                    TlsIoRegionSize  = 0;
                    AddrSpaceWidth   = 36;
                    break;

                case AddressSpaceType.Addr39Bits:
                    CodeRegionStart  = 0;
                    CodeRegionSize   = 0x80000000;
                    MapRegionSize    = 0x1000000000;
                    HeapRegionSize   = 0x180000000;
                    NewMapRegionSize = 0x80000000;
                    TlsIoRegionSize  = 0x1000000000;
                    AddrSpaceWidth   = 39;
                    break;

                default: throw new InvalidOperationException();
            }

            AddrSpaceStart = 0;
            AddrSpaceEnd   = 1L << AddrSpaceWidth;

            CodeRegionEnd     = CodeRegionStart + CodeRegionSize;
            MapRegionStart    = CodeRegionEnd;
            MapRegionEnd      = CodeRegionEnd   + MapRegionSize;
            HeapRegionStart   = MapRegionEnd;
            HeapRegionEnd     = MapRegionEnd    + HeapRegionSize;
            NewMapRegionStart = HeapRegionEnd;
            NewMapRegionEnd   = HeapRegionEnd   + NewMapRegionSize;
            TlsIoRegionStart  = NewMapRegionEnd;
            TlsIoRegionEnd    = NewMapRegionEnd + TlsIoRegionSize;

            CurrentHeapAddr = HeapRegionStart;

            if (NewMapRegionSize == 0)
            {
                NewMapRegionStart = AddrSpaceStart;
                NewMapRegionEnd   = AddrSpaceEnd;
            }

            Blocks = new LinkedList<KMemoryBlock>();

            long AddrSpacePagesCount = (AddrSpaceEnd - AddrSpaceStart) / PageSize;

            InsertBlock(AddrSpaceStart, AddrSpacePagesCount, MemoryState.Unmapped);
        }

        public void HleMapProcessCode(long Position, long Size)
        {
            long PagesCount = Size / PageSize;

            if (!Allocator.TryAllocate(Size, out long PA))
            {
                throw new InvalidOperationException();
            }

            lock (Blocks)
            {
                InsertBlock(Position, PagesCount, MemoryState.CodeStatic, MemoryPermission.ReadAndExecute);

                CpuMemory.Map(Position, PA, Size);
            }
        }

        public void HleMapCustom(long Position, long Size, MemoryState State, MemoryPermission Permission)
        {
            long PagesCount = Size / PageSize;

            if (!Allocator.TryAllocate(Size, out long PA))
            {
                throw new InvalidOperationException();
            }

            lock (Blocks)
            {
                InsertBlock(Position, PagesCount, State, Permission);

                CpuMemory.Map(Position, PA, Size);
            }
        }

        public long HleMapTlsPage()
        {
            bool HasTlsIoRegion = TlsIoRegionStart != TlsIoRegionEnd;

            long Position = HasTlsIoRegion ? TlsIoRegionStart : CodeRegionStart;

            lock (Blocks)
            {
                while (Position < (HasTlsIoRegion ? TlsIoRegionEnd : CodeRegionEnd))
                {
                    if (FindBlock(Position).State == MemoryState.Unmapped)
                    {
                        InsertBlock(Position, 1, MemoryState.ThreadLocal, MemoryPermission.ReadAndWrite);

                        if (!Allocator.TryAllocate(PageSize, out long PA))
                        {
                            throw new InvalidOperationException();
                        }

                        CpuMemory.Map(Position, PA, PageSize);

                        return Position;
                    }

                    Position += PageSize;
                }

                throw new InvalidOperationException();
            }
        }

        public long TrySetHeapSize(long Size, out long Position)
        {
            Position = 0;

            if ((ulong)Size > (ulong)(HeapRegionEnd - HeapRegionStart))
            {
                return MakeError(ErrorModule.Kernel, KernelErr.OutOfMemory);
            }

            bool Success = false;

            long CurrentHeapSize = GetHeapSize();

            if ((ulong)CurrentHeapSize <= (ulong)Size)
            {
                //Expand.
                long DiffSize = Size - CurrentHeapSize;

                lock (Blocks)
                {
                    if (Success = IsUnmapped(CurrentHeapAddr, DiffSize))
                    {
                        if (!Allocator.TryAllocate(DiffSize, out long PA))
                        {
                            return MakeError(ErrorModule.Kernel, KernelErr.OutOfMemory);
                        }

                        long PagesCount = DiffSize / PageSize;

                        InsertBlock(CurrentHeapAddr, PagesCount, MemoryState.Heap, MemoryPermission.ReadAndWrite);

                        CpuMemory.Map(CurrentHeapAddr, PA, DiffSize);
                    }
                }
            }
            else
            {
                //Shrink.
                long FreeAddr = HeapRegionStart + Size;
                long DiffSize = CurrentHeapSize - Size;

                lock (Blocks)
                {
                    Success = CheckRange(
                        FreeAddr,
                        DiffSize,
                        MemoryState.Mask,
                        MemoryState.Heap,
                        MemoryPermission.Mask,
                        MemoryPermission.ReadAndWrite,
                        MemoryAttribute.Mask,
                        MemoryAttribute.None,
                        MemoryAttribute.IpcAndDeviceMapped,
                        out _,
                        out _,
                        out _);

                    if (Success)
                    {
                        long PagesCount = DiffSize / PageSize;

                        InsertBlock(FreeAddr, PagesCount, MemoryState.Unmapped);

                        CpuMemory.Unmap(FreeAddr, DiffSize);

                        FreePages(FreeAddr, PagesCount);
                    }
                }
            }

            CurrentHeapAddr = HeapRegionStart + Size;

            if (Success)
            {
                Position = HeapRegionStart;

                return 0;
            }

            return MakeError(ErrorModule.Kernel, KernelErr.NoAccessPerm);
        }

        public long GetHeapSize()
        {
            return CurrentHeapAddr - HeapRegionStart;
        }

        public long SetMemoryAttribute(
            long            Position,
            long            Size,
            MemoryAttribute AttributeMask,
            MemoryAttribute AttributeValue)
        {
            lock (Blocks)
            {
                if (CheckRange(
                    Position,
                    Size,
                    MemoryState.AttributeChangeAllowed,
                    MemoryState.AttributeChangeAllowed,
                    MemoryPermission.None,
                    MemoryPermission.None,
                    MemoryAttribute.BorrowedAndIpcMapped,
                    MemoryAttribute.None,
                    MemoryAttribute.DeviceMappedAndUncached,
                    out MemoryState      State,
                    out MemoryPermission Permission,
                    out MemoryAttribute  Attribute))
                {
                    long PagesCount = Size / PageSize;

                    Attribute &= ~AttributeMask;
                    Attribute |=  AttributeMask & AttributeValue;

                    InsertBlock(Position, PagesCount, State, Permission, Attribute);

                    return 0;
                }
            }

            return MakeError(ErrorModule.Kernel, KernelErr.NoAccessPerm);
        }

        public KMemoryInfo QueryMemory(long Position)
        {
            if ((ulong)Position >= (ulong)AddrSpaceStart &&
                (ulong)Position <  (ulong)AddrSpaceEnd)
            {
                lock (Blocks)
                {
                    return FindBlock(Position).GetInfo();
                }
            }
            else
            {
                return new KMemoryInfo(
                    AddrSpaceEnd,
                    -AddrSpaceEnd,
                    MemoryState.Reserved,
                    MemoryPermission.None,
                    MemoryAttribute.None,
                    0,
                    0);
            }
        }

        public long Map(long Src, long Dst, long Size)
        {
            bool Success;

            lock (Blocks)
            {
                Success = CheckRange(
                    Src,
                    Size,
                    MemoryState.MapAllowed,
                    MemoryState.MapAllowed,
                    MemoryPermission.Mask,
                    MemoryPermission.ReadAndWrite,
                    MemoryAttribute.Mask,
                    MemoryAttribute.None,
                    MemoryAttribute.IpcAndDeviceMapped,
                    out MemoryState SrcState,
                    out _,
                    out _);

                Success &= IsUnmapped(Dst, Size);

                if (Success)
                {
                    long PagesCount = Size / PageSize;

                    InsertBlock(Src, PagesCount, SrcState, MemoryPermission.None, MemoryAttribute.Borrowed);

                    InsertBlock(Dst, PagesCount, MemoryState.MappedMemory, MemoryPermission.ReadAndWrite);

                    long PA = CpuMemory.GetPhysicalAddress(Src);

                    CpuMemory.Map(Dst, PA, Size);
                }
            }

            return Success ? 0 : MakeError(ErrorModule.Kernel, KernelErr.NoAccessPerm);
        }

        public long Unmap(long Src, long Dst, long Size)
        {
            bool Success;

            lock (Blocks)
            {
                Success = CheckRange(
                    Src,
                    Size,
                    MemoryState.MapAllowed,
                    MemoryState.MapAllowed,
                    MemoryPermission.Mask,
                    MemoryPermission.None,
                    MemoryAttribute.Mask,
                    MemoryAttribute.Borrowed,
                    MemoryAttribute.IpcAndDeviceMapped,
                    out MemoryState SrcState,
                    out _,
                    out _);

                Success &= CheckRange(
                    Dst,
                    Size,
                    MemoryState.Mask,
                    MemoryState.MappedMemory,
                    MemoryPermission.None,
                    MemoryPermission.None,
                    MemoryAttribute.Mask,
                    MemoryAttribute.None,
                    MemoryAttribute.IpcAndDeviceMapped,
                    out _,
                    out _,
                    out _);

                if (Success)
                {
                    long PagesCount = Size / PageSize;

                    InsertBlock(Src, PagesCount, SrcState, MemoryPermission.ReadAndWrite);

                    InsertBlock(Dst, PagesCount, MemoryState.Unmapped);

                    CpuMemory.Unmap(Dst, Size);
                }
            }

            return Success ? 0 : MakeError(ErrorModule.Kernel, KernelErr.NoAccessPerm);
        }

        public long MapSharedMemory(KSharedMemory SharedMemory, MemoryPermission Permission, long Position)
        {
            lock (Blocks)
            {
                if (IsUnmapped(Position, SharedMemory.Size))
                {
                    long PagesCount = SharedMemory.Size / PageSize;

                    InsertBlock(Position, PagesCount, MemoryState.SharedMemory, Permission);

                    CpuMemory.Map(Position, SharedMemory.PA, SharedMemory.Size);

                    return 0;
                }
            }

            return MakeError(ErrorModule.Kernel, KernelErr.NoAccessPerm);
        }

        public long UnmapSharedMemory(long Position, long Size)
        {
            lock (Blocks)
            {
                if (CheckRange(
                    Position,
                    Size,
                    MemoryState.Mask,
                    MemoryState.SharedMemory,
                    MemoryPermission.None,
                    MemoryPermission.None,
                    MemoryAttribute.Mask,
                    MemoryAttribute.None,
                    MemoryAttribute.IpcAndDeviceMapped,
                    out MemoryState State,
                    out _,
                    out _))
                {
                    long PagesCount = Size / PageSize;

                    InsertBlock(Position, PagesCount, MemoryState.Unmapped);

                    CpuMemory.Unmap(Position, Size);

                    return 0;
                }
            }

            return MakeError(ErrorModule.Kernel, KernelErr.NoAccessPerm);
        }

        public long ReserveTransferMemory(long Position, long Size, MemoryPermission Permission)
        {
            lock (Blocks)
            {
                if (CheckRange(
                    Position,
                    Size,
                    MemoryState.TransferMemoryAllowed | MemoryState.IsPoolAllocated,
                    MemoryState.TransferMemoryAllowed | MemoryState.IsPoolAllocated,
                    MemoryPermission.Mask,
                    MemoryPermission.ReadAndWrite,
                    MemoryAttribute.Mask,
                    MemoryAttribute.None,
                    MemoryAttribute.IpcAndDeviceMapped,
                    out MemoryState State,
                    out _,
                    out MemoryAttribute Attribute))
                {
                    long PagesCount = Size / PageSize;

                    Attribute |= MemoryAttribute.Borrowed;

                    InsertBlock(Position, PagesCount, State, Permission, Attribute);

                    return 0;
                }
            }

            return MakeError(ErrorModule.Kernel, KernelErr.NoAccessPerm);
        }

        public long ResetTransferMemory(long Position, long Size)
        {
            lock (Blocks)
            {
                if (CheckRange(
                    Position,
                    Size,
                    MemoryState.TransferMemoryAllowed | MemoryState.IsPoolAllocated,
                    MemoryState.TransferMemoryAllowed | MemoryState.IsPoolAllocated,
                    MemoryPermission.None,
                    MemoryPermission.None,
                    MemoryAttribute.Mask,
                    MemoryAttribute.Borrowed,
                    MemoryAttribute.IpcAndDeviceMapped,
                    out MemoryState State,
                    out _,
                    out _))
                {
                    long PagesCount = Size / PageSize;

                    InsertBlock(Position, PagesCount, State, MemoryPermission.ReadAndWrite);

                    return 0;
                }
            }

            return MakeError(ErrorModule.Kernel, KernelErr.NoAccessPerm);
        }

        public long SetProcessMemoryPermission(long Position, long Size, MemoryPermission Permission)
        {
            lock (Blocks)
            {
                if (CheckRange(
                    Position,
                    Size,
                    MemoryState.ProcessPermissionChangeAllowed,
                    MemoryState.ProcessPermissionChangeAllowed,
                    MemoryPermission.None,
                    MemoryPermission.None,
                    MemoryAttribute.Mask,
                    MemoryAttribute.None,
                    MemoryAttribute.IpcAndDeviceMapped,
                    out MemoryState State,
                    out _,
                    out _))
                {
                    if (State == MemoryState.CodeStatic)
                    {
                        State = MemoryState.CodeMutable;
                    }
                    else if (State == MemoryState.ModCodeStatic)
                    {
                        State = MemoryState.ModCodeMutable;
                    }
                    else
                    {
                        throw new InvalidOperationException();
                    }

                    long PagesCount = Size / PageSize;

                    InsertBlock(Position, PagesCount, State, Permission);

                    return 0;
                }
            }

            return MakeError(ErrorModule.Kernel, KernelErr.NoAccessPerm);
        }

        public long MapPhysicalMemory(long Position, long Size)
        {
            long End = Position + Size;

            lock (Blocks)
            {
                long MappedSize = 0;

                KMemoryInfo Info;

                LinkedListNode<KMemoryBlock> BaseNode = FindBlockNode(Position);

                LinkedListNode<KMemoryBlock> Node = BaseNode;

                do
                {
                    Info = Node.Value.GetInfo();

                    if (Info.State != MemoryState.Unmapped)
                    {
                        MappedSize += GetSizeInRange(Info, Position, End);
                    }

                    Node = Node.Next;
                }
                while ((ulong)(Info.Position + Info.Size) < (ulong)End && Node != null);

                if (MappedSize == Size)
                {
                    return 0;
                }

                long RemainingSize = Size - MappedSize;

                if (!Allocator.TryAllocate(RemainingSize, out long PA))
                {
                    return MakeError(ErrorModule.Kernel, KernelErr.OutOfMemory);
                }

                Node = BaseNode;

                do
                {
                    Info = Node.Value.GetInfo();

                    if (Info.State == MemoryState.Unmapped)
                    {
                        long CurrSize = GetSizeInRange(Info, Position, End);

                        CpuMemory.Map(Info.Position, PA, CurrSize);

                        PA += CurrSize;
                    }

                    Node = Node.Next;
                }
                while ((ulong)(Info.Position + Info.Size) < (ulong)End && Node != null);

                PersonalMmHeapUsage += RemainingSize;

                long PagesCount = Size / PageSize;

                InsertBlock(
                    Position,
                    PagesCount,
                    MemoryState.Unmapped,
                    MemoryPermission.None,
                    MemoryAttribute.None,
                    MemoryState.Heap,
                    MemoryPermission.ReadAndWrite,
                    MemoryAttribute.None);
            }

            return 0;
        }

        public long UnmapPhysicalMemory(long Position, long Size)
        {
            long End = Position + Size;

            lock (Blocks)
            {
                long HeapMappedSize = 0;

                long CurrPosition = Position;

                KMemoryInfo Info;

                LinkedListNode<KMemoryBlock> Node = FindBlockNode(CurrPosition);

                do
                {
                    Info = Node.Value.GetInfo();

                    if (Info.State == MemoryState.Heap)
                    {
                        if (Info.Attribute != MemoryAttribute.None)
                        {
                            return MakeError(ErrorModule.Kernel, KernelErr.NoAccessPerm);
                        }

                        HeapMappedSize += GetSizeInRange(Info, Position, End);
                    }
                    else if (Info.State != MemoryState.Unmapped)
                    {
                        return MakeError(ErrorModule.Kernel, KernelErr.NoAccessPerm);
                    }

                    Node = Node.Next;
                }
                while ((ulong)(Info.Position + Info.Size) < (ulong)End && Node != null);

                if (HeapMappedSize == 0)
                {
                    return 0;
                }

                PersonalMmHeapUsage -= HeapMappedSize;

                long PagesCount = Size / PageSize;

                InsertBlock(Position, PagesCount, MemoryState.Unmapped);

                CpuMemory.Unmap(Position, Size);

                FreePages(Position, PagesCount);

                return 0;
            }
        }

        private long GetSizeInRange(KMemoryInfo Info, long Start, long End)
        {
            long CurrEnd  = Info.Size + Info.Position;
            long CurrSize = Info.Size;

            if ((ulong)Info.Position < (ulong)Start)
            {
                CurrSize -= Start - Info.Position;
            }

            if ((ulong)CurrEnd > (ulong)End)
            {
                CurrSize -= CurrEnd - End;
            }

            return CurrSize;
        }

        private void FreePages(long Position, long PagesCount)
        {
            for (long Page = 0; Page < PagesCount; Page++)
            {
                long VA = Position + Page * PageSize;

                long PA = CpuMemory.GetPhysicalAddress(VA);

                Allocator.Free(PA, PageSize);
            }
        }

        private bool IsUnmapped(long Position, long Size)
        {
            return CheckRange(
                Position,
                Size,
                MemoryState.Mask,
                MemoryState.Unmapped,
                MemoryPermission.Mask,
                MemoryPermission.None,
                MemoryAttribute.Mask,
                MemoryAttribute.None,
                MemoryAttribute.IpcAndDeviceMapped,
                out _,
                out _,
                out _);
        }

        private bool CheckRange(
            long                 Position,
            long                 Size,
            MemoryState          StateMask,
            MemoryState          StateExpected,
            MemoryPermission     PermissionMask,
            MemoryPermission     PermissionExpected,
            MemoryAttribute      AttributeMask,
            MemoryAttribute      AttributeExpected,
            MemoryAttribute      AttributeIgnoreMask,
            out MemoryState      OutState,
            out MemoryPermission OutPermission,
            out MemoryAttribute  OutAttribute)
        {
            KMemoryInfo BlkInfo = FindBlock(Position).GetInfo();

            ulong Start = (ulong)Position;
            ulong End   = (ulong)Size + Start;

            if (End <= (ulong)(BlkInfo.Position + BlkInfo.Size))
            {
                if ((BlkInfo.Attribute  & AttributeMask)  == AttributeExpected &&
                    (BlkInfo.State      & StateMask)      == StateExpected     &&
                    (BlkInfo.Permission & PermissionMask) == PermissionExpected)
                {
                    OutState      = BlkInfo.State;
                    OutPermission = BlkInfo.Permission;
                    OutAttribute  = BlkInfo.Attribute & ~AttributeIgnoreMask;

                    return true;
                }
            }

            OutState      = MemoryState.Unmapped;
            OutPermission = MemoryPermission.None;
            OutAttribute  = MemoryAttribute.None;

            return false;
        }

        private void InsertBlock(
            long             BasePosition,
            long             PagesCount,
            MemoryState      OldState,
            MemoryPermission OldPermission,
            MemoryAttribute  OldAttribute,
            MemoryState      NewState,
            MemoryPermission NewPermission,
            MemoryAttribute  NewAttribute)
        {
            //Insert new block on the list only on areas where the state
            //of the block matches the state specified on the Old* state
            //arguments, otherwise leave it as is.
            OldAttribute |= MemoryAttribute.IpcAndDeviceMapped;

            ulong Start = (ulong)BasePosition;
            ulong End   = (ulong)PagesCount * PageSize + Start;

            LinkedListNode<KMemoryBlock> Node = Blocks.First;

            while (Node != null)
            {
                LinkedListNode<KMemoryBlock> NewNode  = Node;
                LinkedListNode<KMemoryBlock> NextNode = Node.Next;

                KMemoryBlock CurrBlock = Node.Value;

                ulong CurrStart = (ulong)CurrBlock.BasePosition;
                ulong CurrEnd   = (ulong)CurrBlock.PagesCount * PageSize + CurrStart;

                if (Start < CurrEnd && CurrStart < End)
                {
                    MemoryAttribute CurrBlockAttr = CurrBlock.Attribute | MemoryAttribute.IpcAndDeviceMapped;

                    if (CurrBlock.State      != OldState      ||
                        CurrBlock.Permission != OldPermission ||
                        CurrBlockAttr        != OldAttribute)
                    {
                        Node = NextNode;

                        continue;
                    }

                    if (CurrStart >= Start && CurrEnd <= End)
                    {
                        CurrBlock.State      = NewState;
                        CurrBlock.Permission = NewPermission;
                        CurrBlock.Attribute &= ~MemoryAttribute.IpcAndDeviceMapped;
                        CurrBlock.Attribute |= NewAttribute;
                    }
                    else if (CurrStart >= Start)
                    {
                        CurrBlock.BasePosition = (long)End;

                        CurrBlock.PagesCount = (long)((CurrEnd - End) / PageSize);

                        long NewPagesCount = (long)((End - CurrStart) / PageSize);

                        NewNode = Blocks.AddBefore(Node, new KMemoryBlock(
                            (long)CurrStart,
                            NewPagesCount,
                            NewState,
                            NewPermission,
                            NewAttribute));
                    }
                    else if (CurrEnd <= End)
                    {
                        CurrBlock.PagesCount = (long)((Start - CurrStart) / PageSize);

                        long NewPagesCount = (long)((CurrEnd - Start) / PageSize);

                        NewNode = Blocks.AddAfter(Node, new KMemoryBlock(
                            BasePosition,
                            NewPagesCount,
                            NewState,
                            NewPermission,
                            NewAttribute));
                    }
                    else
                    {
                        CurrBlock.PagesCount = (long)((Start - CurrStart) / PageSize);

                        long NextPagesCount = (long)((CurrEnd - End) / PageSize);

                        NewNode = Blocks.AddAfter(Node, new KMemoryBlock(
                            BasePosition,
                            PagesCount,
                            NewState,
                            NewPermission,
                            NewAttribute));

                        Blocks.AddAfter(NewNode, new KMemoryBlock(
                            (long)End,
                            NextPagesCount,
                            CurrBlock.State,
                            CurrBlock.Permission,
                            CurrBlock.Attribute));

                        NextNode = null;
                    }

                    MergeEqualStateNeighbours(NewNode);
                }

                Node = NextNode;
            }
        }

        private void InsertBlock(
            long             BasePosition,
            long             PagesCount,
            MemoryState      State,
            MemoryPermission Permission = MemoryPermission.None,
            MemoryAttribute  Attribute  = MemoryAttribute.None)
        {
            //Inserts new block at the list, replacing and spliting
            //existing blocks as needed.
            KMemoryBlock Block = new KMemoryBlock(BasePosition, PagesCount, State, Permission, Attribute);

            ulong Start = (ulong)BasePosition;
            ulong End   = (ulong)PagesCount * PageSize + Start;

            LinkedListNode<KMemoryBlock> NewNode = null;

            LinkedListNode<KMemoryBlock> Node = Blocks.First;

            while (Node != null)
            {
                KMemoryBlock CurrBlock = Node.Value;

                LinkedListNode<KMemoryBlock> NextNode = Node.Next;

                ulong CurrStart = (ulong)CurrBlock.BasePosition;
                ulong CurrEnd   = (ulong)CurrBlock.PagesCount * PageSize + CurrStart;

                if (Start < CurrEnd && CurrStart < End)
                {
                    if (Start >= CurrStart && End <= CurrEnd)
                    {
                        Block.Attribute |= CurrBlock.Attribute & MemoryAttribute.IpcAndDeviceMapped;
                    }

                    if (Start > CurrStart && End < CurrEnd)
                    {
                        CurrBlock.PagesCount = (long)((Start - CurrStart) / PageSize);

                        long NextPagesCount = (long)((CurrEnd - End) / PageSize);

                        NewNode = Blocks.AddAfter(Node, Block);

                        Blocks.AddAfter(NewNode, new KMemoryBlock(
                            (long)End,
                            NextPagesCount,
                            CurrBlock.State,
                            CurrBlock.Permission,
                            CurrBlock.Attribute));

                        break;
                    }
                    else if (Start <= CurrStart && End < CurrEnd)
                    {
                        CurrBlock.BasePosition = (long)End;

                        CurrBlock.PagesCount = (long)((CurrEnd - End) / PageSize);

                        if (NewNode == null)
                        {
                            NewNode = Blocks.AddBefore(Node, Block);
                        }
                    }
                    else if (Start > CurrStart && End >= CurrEnd)
                    {
                        CurrBlock.PagesCount = (long)((Start - CurrStart) / PageSize);

                        if (NewNode == null)
                        {
                            NewNode = Blocks.AddAfter(Node, Block);
                        }
                    }
                    else
                    {
                        if (NewNode == null)
                        {
                            NewNode = Blocks.AddBefore(Node, Block);
                        }

                        Blocks.Remove(Node);
                    }
                }

                Node = NextNode;
            }

            if (NewNode == null)
            {
                NewNode = Blocks.AddFirst(Block);
            }

            MergeEqualStateNeighbours(NewNode);
        }

        private void MergeEqualStateNeighbours(LinkedListNode<KMemoryBlock> Node)
        {
            KMemoryBlock Block = Node.Value;

            ulong Start = (ulong)Block.BasePosition;
            ulong End   = (ulong)Block.PagesCount * PageSize + Start;

            if (Node.Previous != null)
            {
                KMemoryBlock Previous = Node.Previous.Value;

                if (BlockStateEquals(Block, Previous))
                {
                    Blocks.Remove(Node.Previous);

                    Block.BasePosition = Previous.BasePosition;

                    Start = (ulong)Block.BasePosition;
                }
            }

            if (Node.Next != null)
            {
                KMemoryBlock Next = Node.Next.Value;

                if (BlockStateEquals(Block, Next))
                {
                    Blocks.Remove(Node.Next);

                    End = (ulong)(Next.BasePosition + Next.PagesCount * PageSize);
                }
            }

            Block.PagesCount = (long)((End - Start) / PageSize);
        }

        private static bool BlockStateEquals(KMemoryBlock LHS, KMemoryBlock RHS)
        {
            return LHS.State          == RHS.State          &&
                   LHS.Permission     == RHS.Permission     &&
                   LHS.Attribute      == RHS.Attribute      &&
                   LHS.DeviceRefCount == RHS.DeviceRefCount &&
                   LHS.IpcRefCount    == RHS.IpcRefCount;
        }

        private KMemoryBlock FindBlock(long Position)
        {
            return FindBlockNode(Position)?.Value;
        }

        private LinkedListNode<KMemoryBlock> FindBlockNode(long Position)
        {
            ulong Addr = (ulong)Position;

            lock (Blocks)
            {
                LinkedListNode<KMemoryBlock> Node = Blocks.First;

                while (Node != null)
                {
                    KMemoryBlock Block = Node.Value;

                    ulong Start = (ulong)Block.BasePosition;
                    ulong End   = (ulong)Block.PagesCount * PageSize + Start;

                    if (Start <= Addr && End - 1 >= Addr)
                    {
                        return Node;
                    }

                    Node = Node.Next;
                }
            }

            return null;
        }
    }
}