Atmosphere/stratosphere/libstratosphere/source/patcher/patcher_api.cpp

/*
 * Copyright (c) 2018-2019 Atmosphère-NX
 *
 * This program is free software; you can redistribute it and/or modify it
 * under the terms and conditions of the GNU General Public License,
 * version 2, as published by the Free Software Foundation.
 *
 * This program is distributed in the hope it will be useful, but WITHOUT
 * ANY WARRANTY; without even the implied warranty of MERCHANTABILITY or
 * FITNESS FOR A PARTICULAR PURPOSE.  See the GNU General Public License for
 * more details.
 *
 * You should have received a copy of the GNU General Public License
 * along with this program.  If not, see <http://www.gnu.org/licenses/>.
 */

#include <cstdlib>
#include <cstdint>
#include <cstdio>
#include <cstring>
#include <dirent.h>
#include <ctype.h>

#include <switch.h>
#include <stratosphere.hpp>
#include <stratosphere/patcher.hpp>

/* IPS Patching adapted from Luma3DS (https://github.com/AuroraWright/Luma3DS/blob/master/sysmodules/loader/source/patcher.c) */

namespace sts::patcher {

    namespace {

        /* Convenience definitions. */
        constexpr const char IpsHeadMagic[5] = {'P', 'A', 'T', 'C', 'H'};
        constexpr const char IpsTailMagic[3] = {'E', 'O', 'F'};
        constexpr const char Ips32HeadMagic[5] = {'I', 'P', 'S', '3', '2'};
        constexpr const char Ips32TailMagic[4] = {'E', 'E', 'O', 'F'};
        constexpr const char *IpsFileExtension = ".ips";
        constexpr size_t IpsFileExtensionLength = std::strlen(IpsFileExtension);
        constexpr size_t ModuleIpsPatchLength = 2 * sizeof(ro::ModuleId) + IpsFileExtensionLength;

        /* Helpers. */
        inline u8 ConvertHexNybble(const char nybble) {
            if ('0' <= nybble && nybble <= '9') {
                return nybble - '0';
            } else if ('a' <= nybble && nybble <= 'f') {
                return nybble - 'a' + 0xa;
            } else {
                return nybble - 'A' + 0xA;
            }
        }

        bool ParseModuleIdFromPath(ro::ModuleId *out_module_id, const char *name, size_t name_len, size_t extension_len) {
            /* Validate name is hex module id. */
            for (unsigned int i = 0; i < name_len - extension_len; i++) {
                if (std::isxdigit(name[i]) == 0) {
                    return false;
                }
            }

            /* Read module id from name. */
            std::memset(out_module_id, 0, sizeof(*out_module_id));
            for (unsigned int name_ofs = 0, id_ofs = 0; name_ofs < name_len - extension_len && id_ofs < sizeof(*out_module_id); id_ofs++) {
                out_module_id->build_id[id_ofs] |= ConvertHexNybble(name[name_ofs++]) << 4;
                out_module_id->build_id[id_ofs] |= ConvertHexNybble(name[name_ofs++]);
            }

            return true;
        }

        bool MatchesModuleId(const char *name, size_t name_len, size_t extension_len, const ro::ModuleId *module_id) {
            /* Get module id. */
            ro::ModuleId module_id_from_name;
            if (!ParseModuleIdFromPath(&module_id_from_name, name, name_len, extension_len)) {
                return false;
            }

            return std::memcmp(&module_id_from_name, module_id, sizeof(*module_id)) == 0;
        }

        inline bool IsIpsTail(bool is_ips32, u8 *buffer) {
            if (is_ips32) {
                return std::memcmp(buffer, Ips32TailMagic, sizeof(Ips32TailMagic)) == 0;
            } else {
                return std::memcmp(buffer, IpsTailMagic, sizeof(IpsTailMagic)) == 0;
            }
        }

        inline u32 GetIpsPatchOffset(bool is_ips32, u8 *buffer) {
            if (is_ips32) {
                return (buffer[0] << 24) | (buffer[1] << 16) | (buffer[2] << 8) | (buffer[3]);
            } else {
                return (buffer[0] << 16) | (buffer[1] << 8) | (buffer[2]);
            }
        }

        inline u32 GetIpsPatchSize(bool is_ips32, u8 *buffer) {
            return (buffer[0] << 8) | (buffer[1]);
        }

        void ApplyIpsPatch(u8 *mapped_module, size_t mapped_size, size_t protected_size, size_t offset, bool is_ips32, FILE *f_ips) {
            /* Validate offset/protected size. */
            STS_ASSERT(offset <= protected_size);

            u8 buffer[sizeof(Ips32TailMagic)];
            while (true) {
                STS_ASSERT(fread(buffer, is_ips32 ? sizeof(Ips32TailMagic) : sizeof(IpsTailMagic), 1, f_ips) == 1);

                if (IsIpsTail(is_ips32, buffer)) {
                    break;
                }

                /* Offset of patch. */
                u32 patch_offset = GetIpsPatchOffset(is_ips32, buffer);

                /* Size of patch. */
                STS_ASSERT(fread(buffer, 2, 1, f_ips) == 1);
                u32 patch_size = GetIpsPatchSize(is_ips32, buffer);

                /* Check for RLE encoding. */
                if (patch_size == 0) {
                    /* Size of RLE. */
                    STS_ASSERT(fread(buffer, 2, 1, f_ips) == 1);

                    u32 rle_size = (buffer[0] << 8) | (buffer[1]);

                    /* Value for RLE. */
                    STS_ASSERT(fread(buffer, 1, 1, f_ips) == 1);

                    /* Ensure we don't write to protected region. */
                    if (patch_offset < protected_size) {
                        if (patch_offset + rle_size > protected_size) {
                            const u32 diff = protected_size - patch_offset;
                            patch_offset += diff;
                            rle_size -= diff;
                        } else {
                            continue;
                        }
                    }

                    /* Adjust offset, if relevant. */
                    patch_offset -= offset;

                    /* Apply patch. */
                    if (patch_offset + rle_size > mapped_size) {
                        rle_size = mapped_size - patch_offset;
                    }
                    std::memset(mapped_module + patch_offset, buffer[0], rle_size);
                } else {
                    /* Ensure we don't write to protected region. */
                    if (patch_offset < protected_size) {
                        if (patch_offset + patch_size > protected_size) {
                            const u32 diff = protected_size - patch_offset;
                            patch_offset += diff;
                            patch_size -= diff;
                            fseek(f_ips, diff, SEEK_CUR);
                        } else {
                            fseek(f_ips, patch_size, SEEK_CUR);
                            continue;
                        }
                    }

                    /* Adjust offset, if relevant. */
                    patch_offset -= offset;

                    /* Apply patch. */
                    u32 read_size = patch_size;
                    if (patch_offset + read_size > mapped_size) {
                        read_size = mapped_size - patch_offset;
                    }
                    STS_ASSERT(fread(mapped_module + patch_offset, read_size, 1, f_ips) == 1);
                    if (patch_size > read_size) {
                        fseek(f_ips, patch_size - read_size, SEEK_CUR);
                    }
                }
            }
        }

    }

    void LocateAndApplyIpsPatchesToModule(const char *patch_dir_name, size_t protected_size, size_t offset, const ro::ModuleId *module_id, u8 *mapped_module, size_t mapped_size) {
        /* Inspect all patches from /atmosphere/<patch_dir>/<*>/<*>.ips */
        char path[FS_MAX_PATH+1] = {0};
        std::snprintf(path, sizeof(path) - 1, "sdmc:/atmosphere/%s", patch_dir_name);

        DIR *patches_dir = opendir(path);
        struct dirent *pdir_ent;
        if (patches_dir != NULL) {
            /* Iterate over the patches directory to find patch subdirectories. */
            while ((pdir_ent = readdir(patches_dir)) != NULL) {
                if (std::strcmp(pdir_ent->d_name, ".") == 0 || std::strcmp(pdir_ent->d_name, "..") == 0) {
                    continue;
                }

                std::snprintf(path, sizeof(path) - 1, "sdmc:/atmosphere/%s/%s", patch_dir_name, pdir_ent->d_name);
                DIR *patch_dir = opendir(path);
                struct dirent *ent;
                if (patch_dir != NULL) {
                    /* Iterate over the patch subdirectory to find .ips patches. */
                    while ((ent = readdir(patch_dir)) != NULL) {
                        if (std::strcmp(ent->d_name, ".") == 0 || std::strcmp(ent->d_name, "..") == 0) {
                            continue;
                        }

                        size_t name_len = strlen(ent->d_name);
                        if (!(IpsFileExtensionLength < name_len && name_len <= ModuleIpsPatchLength)) {
                            continue;
                        }
                        if ((name_len & 1) != 0) {
                            continue;
                        }
                        if (std::strcmp(ent->d_name + name_len - IpsFileExtensionLength, IpsFileExtension) != 0) {
                            continue;
                        }
                        if (!MatchesModuleId(ent->d_name, name_len, IpsFileExtensionLength, module_id)) {
                            continue;
                        }

                        std::snprintf(path, sizeof(path) - 1, "sdmc:/atmosphere/%s/%s/%s", patch_dir_name, pdir_ent->d_name, ent->d_name);
                        FILE *f_ips = fopen(path, "rb");
                        if (f_ips == NULL) {
                            continue;
                        }
                        ON_SCOPE_EXIT { fclose(f_ips); };

                        u8 header[5];
                        if (fread(header, 5, 1, f_ips) == 1) {
                            if (std::memcmp(header, IpsHeadMagic, 5) == 0) {
                                ApplyIpsPatch(mapped_module, mapped_size, protected_size, offset, false, f_ips);
                            } else if (std::memcmp(header, Ips32HeadMagic, 5) == 0) {
                                ApplyIpsPatch(mapped_module, mapped_size, protected_size, offset, true, f_ips);
                            }
                        }
                        fclose(f_ips);
                    }
                    closedir(patch_dir);
                }
            }
            closedir(patches_dir);
        }
    }

}