/* * gamecard.h * * Copyright (c) 2020-2024, DarkMatterCore . * * This file is part of nxdumptool (https://github.com/DarkMatterCore/nxdumptool). * * nxdumptool is free software: you can redistribute it and/or modify * it under the terms of the GNU General Public License as published by * the Free Software Foundation, either version 3 of the License, or * (at your option) any later version. * * nxdumptool is distributed in the hope that it will be useful, * but WITHOUT ANY WARRANTY; without even the implied warranty of * MERCHANTABILITY or FITNESS FOR A PARTICULAR PURPOSE. See the * GNU General Public License for more details. * * You should have received a copy of the GNU General Public License * along with this program. If not, see . */ #pragma once #ifndef __GAMECARD_H__ #define __GAMECARD_H__ #include "fs_ext.h" #include "hfs.h" #ifdef __cplusplus extern "C" { #endif #define GAMECARD_HEAD_MAGIC 0x48454144 /* "HEAD". */ #define GAMECARD_PAGE_SIZE 0x200 #define GAMECARD_PAGE_OFFSET(x) ((u64)(x) * GAMECARD_PAGE_SIZE) #define GAMECARD_UPDATE_TID SYSTEM_UPDATE_TID #define GAMECARD_HEADER2_OFFSET 0x200 #define GAMECARD_HEADER2_CERT_OFFSET 0x400 #define GAMECARD_CERT_OFFSET 0x7000 /// Encrypted using AES-128-ECB with the common titlekek generator key (stored in the .rodata segment from the Lotus firmware). typedef struct { union { u8 value[0x10]; struct { u8 package_id[0x8]; ///< Matches package_id from GameCardHeader. u8 reserved[0x8]; ///< Just zeroes. }; }; } GameCardKeySource; NXDT_ASSERT(GameCardKeySource, 0x10); /// Plaintext area. Dumped from FS program memory. typedef struct { GameCardKeySource key_source; u8 encrypted_titlekey[0x10]; ///< Encrypted using AES-128-CCM with the decrypted key_source and the nonce from this section. u8 mac[0x10]; ///< Used to verify the validity of the decrypted titlekey. u8 nonce[0xC]; ///< Used as the IV to decrypt encrypted_titlekey using AES-128-CCM. u8 reserved[0x1C4]; } GameCardInitialData; NXDT_ASSERT(GameCardInitialData, 0x200); /// Encrypted using AES-128-CTR with the key and IV/counter from the `GameCardTitleKeyAreaEncryption` section. Assumed to be all zeroes in retail gamecards. typedef struct { u8 titlekey[0x10]; ///< Decrypted titlekey from the `GameCardInitialData` section. u8 reserved[0xCF0]; } GameCardTitleKeyArea; NXDT_ASSERT(GameCardTitleKeyArea, 0xD00); /// Encrypted using RSA-2048-OAEP and a private OAEP key from AuthoringTool. Assumed to be all zeroes in retail gamecards. typedef struct { u8 titlekey_encryption_key[0x10]; ///< Used as the AES-128-CTR key for the `GameCardTitleKeyArea` section. Randomly generated during XCI creation by AuthoringTool. u8 titlekey_encryption_iv[0x10]; ///< Used as the AES-128-CTR IV/counter for the `GameCardTitleKeyArea` section. Randomly generated during XCI creation by AuthoringTool. u8 reserved[0xE0]; } GameCardTitleKeyAreaEncryption; NXDT_ASSERT(GameCardTitleKeyAreaEncryption, 0x100); /// Used to secure communications between the Lotus and the inserted gamecard. /// Supposedly precedes the gamecard header. typedef struct { GameCardInitialData initial_data; GameCardTitleKeyArea titlekey_area; GameCardTitleKeyAreaEncryption titlekey_area_encryption; } GameCardKeyArea; NXDT_ASSERT(GameCardKeyArea, 0x1000); typedef enum { GameCardUidMakerCode_MegaChips = 0, GameCardUidMakerCode_Lapis = 1, GameCardUidMakerCode_Unknown = 2, GameCardUidMakerCode_Count = 3 ///< Total values supported by this enum. } GameCardUidMakerCode; typedef enum { GameCardUidCardType_Rom = 0, GameCardUidCardType_WritableDev = 0xFE, GameCardUidCardType_WritableProd = 0xFF, GameCardUidCardType_Count = 3 ///< Total values supported by this enum. } GameCardUidCardType; typedef struct { u8 maker_code; ///< GameCardUidMakerCode. u8 version; u8 card_type; ///< GameCardUidCardType. u8 unique_data[0x9]; u32 random; u8 platform_flag; u8 reserved[0xB]; FsCardId1 card_id_1; ///< Are we sure about this? u8 mac[0x20]; } GameCardUid; NXDT_ASSERT(GameCardUid, 0x40); /// Plaintext area. Dumped from FS program memory. /// Overall structure may change with each new LAFW version. typedef struct { u32 asic_security_mode; ///< Determines how the Lotus ASIC initialised the gamecard security mode. Usually 0xFFFFFFF9. u32 asic_status; ///< Bitmask of the internal gamecard interface status. Usually 0x20000000. FsCardId1 card_id1; FsCardId2 card_id2; GameCardUid card_uid; u8 reserved[0x190]; u8 mac[0x20]; ///< Changes with each gamecard (re)insertion. } GameCardSpecificData; NXDT_ASSERT(GameCardSpecificData, 0x200); /// Plaintext area. Dumped from FS program memory. /// This struct is returned by Lotus command "ChangeToSecureMode" (0xF). This means it is only available *after* the gamecard secure area has been mounted. /// A copy of the gamecard header without the RSA-2048 signature and a plaintext GameCardInfo precedes this struct in FS program memory. typedef struct { GameCardSpecificData specific_data; FsGameCardCertificate certificate; u8 reserved[0x200]; GameCardInitialData initial_data; } GameCardSecurityInformation; NXDT_ASSERT(GameCardSecurityInformation, 0x800); typedef enum { GameCardKekIndex_Version0 = 0, GameCardKekIndex_VersionForDev = 1, GameCardKekIndex_Count = 2 ///< Total values supported by this enum. } GameCardKekIndex; typedef struct { u8 kek_index : 4; ///< GameCardKekIndex. u8 titlekey_dec_index : 4; } GameCardKeyIndex; NXDT_ASSERT(GameCardKeyIndex, 0x1); typedef enum { GameCardRomSize_1GiB = 0xFA, GameCardRomSize_2GiB = 0xF8, GameCardRomSize_4GiB = 0xF0, GameCardRomSize_8GiB = 0xE0, GameCardRomSize_16GiB = 0xE1, GameCardRomSize_32GiB = 0xE2 } GameCardRomSize; typedef enum { GameCardFlags_None = 0, GameCardFlags_AutoBoot = BIT(0), GameCardFlags_HistoryErase = BIT(1), GameCardFlags_RepairTool = BIT(2), GameCardFlags_DifferentRegionCupToTerraDevice = BIT(3), GameCardFlags_DifferentRegionCupToGlobalDevice = BIT(4), GameCardFlags_HasCa10Certificate = BIT(7), GameCardFlags_Count = 6 ///< Total values supported by this enum. } GameCardFlags; /// Available in HOS 18.0.0+. typedef enum { GameCardFlags2_None = 0, GameCardFlags2_T1 = 1, GameCardFlags2_T2 = 2, GameCardFlags2_Count = 3 ///< Total values supported by this enum. } GameCardFlags2; typedef enum { GameCardSelSec_ForT1 = 1, GameCardSelSec_ForT2 = 2, GameCardSelSec_Count = 2 ///< Total values supported by this enum. } GameCardSelSec; typedef enum { GameCardFwVersion_ForDev = 0, GameCardFwVersion_Since100NUP = 1, ///< upp_version >= 0 (0.0.0-0.0) in GameCardInfo. GameCardFwVersion_Since400NUP = 2, ///< upp_version >= 268435456 (4.0.0-0.0) in GameCardInfo. GameCardFwVersion_Since900NUP = 3, ///< upp_version >= 603979776 (9.0.0-0.0) in GameCardInfo. Seems to be unused. GameCardFwVersion_Since1100NUP = 4, ///< upp_version >= 738197504 (11.0.0-0.0) in GameCardInfo. GameCardFwVersion_Since1200NUP = 5, ///< upp_version >= 805306368 (12.0.0-0.0) in GameCardInfo. GameCardFwVersion_Count = 6 ///< Total values supported by this enum. } GameCardFwVersion; typedef enum { GameCardAccCtrl1_25MHz = 0xA10011, GameCardAccCtrl1_50MHz = 0xA10010 ///< GameCardRomSize_8GiB or greater. } GameCardAccCtrl1; typedef enum { GameCardCompatibilityType_Normal = 0, GameCardCompatibilityType_Terra = 1, GameCardCompatibilityType_Count = 2 ///< Total values supported by this enum. } GameCardCompatibilityType; /// Encrypted using AES-128-CBC with the XCI header key (found in FS program memory under HOS 9.0.0+) and the IV from `GameCardHeader`. typedef struct { u64 fw_version; ///< GameCardFwVersion. u32 acc_ctrl_1; ///< GameCardAccCtrl1. u32 wait_1_time_read; ///< Always 0x1388. u32 wait_2_time_read; ///< Always 0. u32 wait_1_time_write; ///< Always 0. u32 wait_2_time_write; ///< Always 0. Version fw_mode; ///< Current SDK version. Version upp_version; ///< Bundled system update version. u8 compatibility_type; ///< GameCardCompatibilityType. u8 reserved_1[0x3]; u64 upp_hash; ///< Checksum for the update partition. The exact way it's calculated is currently unknown. u64 upp_id; ///< Must match GAMECARD_UPDATE_TID. u8 reserved_2[0x38]; } GameCardInfo; NXDT_ASSERT(GameCardInfo, 0x70); /// Placed after the `GameCardKeyArea` section. typedef struct { u8 signature[0x100]; ///< RSA-2048-PKCS#1 v1.5 with SHA-256 signature over the rest of the header. u32 magic; ///< "HEAD". u32 rom_area_start_page; ///< Expressed in GAMECARD_PAGE_SIZE units. u32 backup_area_start_page; ///< Always 0xFFFFFFFF. GameCardKeyIndex key_index; u8 rom_size; ///< GameCardRomSize. u8 version; ///< Always 0x00. u8 flags; ///< GameCardFlags. u8 package_id[0x8]; ///< Used for challenge-response authentication. u32 valid_data_end_page; ///< Expressed in GAMECARD_PAGE_SIZE units. u8 reserved_1; u8 flags_2; ///< GameCardFlags2. u8 reserved_2[0x2]; u8 card_info_iv[AES_128_KEY_SIZE]; ///< AES-128-CBC IV for the CardInfo area (reversed). u64 partition_fs_header_address; ///< Root Hash File System header offset. u64 partition_fs_header_size; ///< Root Hash File System header size. u8 partition_fs_header_hash[SHA256_HASH_SIZE]; u8 initial_data_hash[SHA256_HASH_SIZE]; u32 sel_sec; ///< GameCardSelSec. u32 sel_t1_key; ///< Always 0x02. u32 sel_key; ///< Always 0x00. u32 lim_area_page; ///< Expressed in GAMECARD_PAGE_SIZE units. GameCardInfo card_info; } GameCardHeader; NXDT_ASSERT(GameCardHeader, 0x200); /// Encrypted using AES-128-CBC. typedef struct { u8 unknown[0x40]; u8 header_hash[SHA256_HASH_SIZE]; u8 reserved[0x10]; } GameCardHeader2EncryptedData; NXDT_ASSERT(GameCardHeader2EncryptedData, 0x70); /// Placed immediately after the `GameCardHeader` section. typedef struct { u8 signature[0x100]; ///< RSA-2048-PKCS#1 v1.5 with SHA-256 signature over the rest of the header. u8 unknown[0x90]; GameCardHeader2EncryptedData encrypted_data; } GameCardHeader2; NXDT_ASSERT(GameCardHeader2, 0x200); /// Placed immediately after the `GameCardHeader2` section. typedef struct { u8 signature[0x100]; ///< RSA-2048-PKCS#1 v1.5 with SHA-256 signature over the data from 0x100 to 0x300. u8 unknown_1[0x30]; u8 modulus[0x100]; ///< RSA modulus used to verify the signature from GameCardHeader2. u8 exponent[0x4]; ///< RSA exponent used to verify the signature from GameCardHeader2. u8 unknown_2[0x1CC]; } GameCardHeader2Certificate; NXDT_ASSERT(GameCardHeader2Certificate, 0x400); typedef enum { GameCardStatus_NotInserted = 0, ///< No gamecard is inserted. GameCardStatus_Processing = 1, ///< A gamecard has been inserted and it's being processed. GameCardStatus_NoGameCardPatchEnabled = 2, ///< A gamecard has been inserted, but the running CFW enabled the "nogc" patch at boot. ///< This triggers an error whenever fsDeviceOperatorGetGameCardHandle is called. Nothing at all can be done with the inserted gamecard. GameCardStatus_LotusAsicFirmwareUpdateRequired = 3, ///< A gamecard has been inserted, but a LAFW update is needed before being able to read the secure storage area. ///< Operations on the normal storage area are still possible, though. GameCardStatus_InsertedAndInfoNotLoaded = 4, ///< A gamecard has been inserted, but an unexpected error unrelated to both "nogc" patch and LAFW version occurred. GameCardStatus_InsertedAndInfoLoaded = 5, ///< A gamecard has been inserted and all required information could be successfully retrieved from it. GameCardStatus_Count = 6 ///< Total values supported by this enum. } GameCardStatus; typedef enum { LotusAsicFirmwareType_ReadFw = 0xFF, LotusAsicFirmwareType_ReadDevFw = 0xFFFF, LotusAsicFirmwareType_WriterFw = 0xFFFFFF, LotusAsicFirmwareType_RmaFw = 0xFFFFFFFF } LotusAsicFirmwareType; typedef enum { LotusAsicDeviceType_Test = 0, LotusAsicDeviceType_Dev = 1, LotusAsicDeviceType_Prod = 2, LotusAsicDeviceType_Prod2Dev = 3, LotusAsicDeviceType_Count = 4 ///< Total values supported by this enum. } LotusAsicDeviceType; /// Plaintext Lotus ASIC firmware (LAFW) blob. Dumped from FS program memory. typedef struct { u8 signature[0x100]; u32 magic; ///< "LAFW". u32 fw_type; ///< LotusAsicFirmwareType. u8 reserved_1[0x8]; struct { u64 fw_version : 62; ///< Stored using a bitmask. u64 device_type : 2; ///< LotusAsicDeviceType. }; u32 data_size; u8 reserved_2[0x4]; u8 data_iv[AES_128_KEY_SIZE]; char placeholder_str[0x10]; ///< "IDIDIDIDIDIDIDID". u8 reserved_3[0x40]; u8 data[0x7680]; } LotusAsicFirmwareBlob; NXDT_ASSERT(LotusAsicFirmwareBlob, 0x7800); /// Initializes data needed to access raw gamecard storage areas. /// Also spans a background thread to automatically detect gamecard status changes and to cache data from the inserted gamecard. bool gamecardInitialize(void); /// Deinitializes data generated by gamecardInitialize(). /// This includes destroying the background gamecard detection thread and freeing all cached gamecard data. void gamecardExit(void); /// Returns a user-mode gamecard status change event that can be used to wait for status changes on other threads. /// If the gamecard interface hasn't been initialized, this returns NULL. UEvent *gamecardGetStatusChangeUserEvent(void); /// Returns the current GameCardStatus value. u8 gamecardGetStatus(void); /// Fills the provided GameCardSecurityInformation pointer. /// This area can't be read using gamecardReadStorage(). bool gamecardGetSecurityInformation(GameCardSecurityInformation *out); /// Fills the provided FsGameCardIdSet pointer. /// This area can't be read using gamecardReadStorage(). bool gamecardGetCardIdSet(FsGameCardIdSet *out); /// Fills the provided pointers with LAFW blob data from FS program memory. /// 'out_lafw_blob' or 'out_lafw_version' may be set to NULL, but at least one of them must be a valid pointer. bool gamecardGetLotusAsicFirmwareBlob(LotusAsicFirmwareBlob *out_lafw_blob, u64 *out_lafw_version); /// Used to read raw data from the inserted gamecard. Supports unaligned reads. /// All required handles, changes between normal <-> secure storage areas and proper offset calculations are managed internally. /// 'offset' + 'read_size' must not exceed the value returned by gamecardGetTotalSize(). bool gamecardReadStorage(void *out, u64 read_size, u64 offset); /// Fills the provided GameCardHeader pointer. /// This area can also be read using gamecardReadStorage(), starting at offset 0. bool gamecardGetHeader(GameCardHeader *out); /// Fills the provided GameCardInfo pointer. bool gamecardGetPlaintextCardInfoArea(GameCardInfo *out); /// Fills the provided FsGameCardCertificate pointer. /// This area can also be read using gamecardReadStorage(), starting at GAMECARD_CERT_OFFSET. bool gamecardGetCertificate(FsGameCardCertificate *out); /// Fills the provided u64 pointer with the total gamecard size, which is the size taken by both Normal and Secure storage areas. bool gamecardGetTotalSize(u64 *out); /// Fills the provided u64 pointer with the trimmed gamecard size, which is the same as the size returned by gamecardGetTotalSize() but using the trimmed Secure storage area size. bool gamecardGetTrimmedSize(u64 *out); /// Fills the provided u64 pointer with the gamecard ROM capacity, based on the GameCardRomSize value from the header. Not the same as gamecardGetTotalSize(). bool gamecardGetRomCapacity(u64 *out); /// Fills the provided Version pointer with the bundled firmware update version in the inserted gamecard. bool gamecardGetBundledFirmwareUpdateVersion(Version *out); /// Fills the provided HashFileSystemContext pointer using information from the requested Hash FS partition. /// Hash FS functions can be used on the retrieved HashFileSystemContext. hfsFreeContext() must be used to free the underlying data from the filled context. bool gamecardGetHashFileSystemContext(u8 hfs_partition_type, HashFileSystemContext *out); /// One-shot function to retrieve meaningful information from a Hash FS entry by name without using gamecardGetHashFileSystemContext() + Hash FS functions. /// 'out_offset' or 'out_size' may be set to NULL, but at least one of them must be a valid pointer. The returned offset is always relative to the start of the gamecard image. /// If you need to get entry information by index, just retrieve the Hash FS context for the target partition and use Hash FS functions on it. bool gamecardGetHashFileSystemEntryInfoByName(u8 hfs_partition_type, const char *entry_name, u64 *out_offset, u64 *out_size); /// Takes a GameCardFwVersion value. Returns a pointer to a string that represents the minimum HOS version that matches the provided LAFW version. /// Returns NULL if the provided value is out of range. const char *gamecardGetRequiredHosVersionString(u64 fw_version); /// Takes a GameCardCompatibilityType value. Returns a pointer to a string that represents the provided compatibility type. /// Returns NULL if the provided value is out of range. const char *gamecardGetCompatibilityTypeString(u8 compatibility_type); /// Takes a LotusAsicFirmwareType value. Returns a pointer to a string that represents the provided LAFW type. /// Returns NULL if the provided value is invalid. const char *gamecardGetLafwTypeString(u32 fw_type); /// Takes a LotusAsicDeviceType value. Returns a pointer to a string that represents the provided LAFW device type. /// Returns NULL if the provided value is out of range. const char *gamecardGetLafwDeviceTypeString(u64 device_type); #ifdef __cplusplus } #endif #endif /* __GAMECARD_H__ */